The Ethics In Which We Work Essays - Ethics, Philosophy Of Life

The Ethics In Which We Work Human Resources The ethics in which we work Through out the course of this class my thoughts and views on the aspect alone of the human resources department has changed. I once thought this was a department that had little to no foothold in the dynamics of a corporation. However it is now evident to me that with out the HR department the entire functionality of any organization would crumble to ruins. For this research paper the assignment was to investigate and research one aspect of human resources; find out how it is operated and how it can be improved upon. I plan to discuss the issue and topic of ethics, and its relation to human resources. I chose this topic because during this trying time that our nation has encountered, I feel ethics needs to be at its strongest standpoint ever. First I will define what is meant by ethics. Ethics is a set of rules or values, often set by society. These are the fibers, which set the standards for our culture, and the paths that form the means to our ends. Even though the atmosphere at the workplace should begin to code the ethical standards and practices, it is the role of HR to spell out these rules in black and white. These can be found in the employee handbook. I decided to peruse through our handbook at work, and not to my surprise the ethical message was either too short or tangled up in legal jargon. That is exactly what the problem is. Society is so far torn from its values that we need, and I say that emphatically, we need something to spell out our moral and ethical codes for us. I spoke with the human resources generalist for our facility; I asked her what she thought about the moral codes of the work place today. I asked her to try her hardest not to confuse the question with a sexual harassment situation. She had the following to say: What values? I had to laugh at this point; just knowing her cynical outlook on things the rest of this interview was bound to be interesting. The rest of the verbatim continued as follows: I remember when values were important, when a handshake meant something. The values not only of Grimes, but in the business arena as a whole has gone to hell in a hand-basket. I asked her what HR is going to do about this, and if it is fixable; her only reply was a nod of the head, and her phone rang. Back to business. I decided to look for a book on ethics to see if the search for hope was futile. The book was called Business Ethics in our Century. It was quite the philosophical piece of literature on the topic. Early on in the book the authors posed a rather interesting question. What would you do if you and another person were interviewing for the same job, and a rumor was going around suggesting the other person was racist, and guilty of sexual harassment, however you knew these allegations to be false? At first I overlooked this question, simply dismissing it for the topic sentence into another section. But after reading more my ethical understanding of how to operate in a business arena became clear to me. At this point I did not pay attention to the fact that work life and home life needed to wield different ethical swords. The societies are very different. So to answer the question about the interview I have written an answer. If I were an ethical egoist, my primary concern would be the betterment of myself through actions that seem to be the only obligation I ought to have. When viewing the meaning behind ethics basically saying that there are certain standards and values that must be maintained in the business world, and a certain level of morals must be attained and attributed. In a situation regarding myself and another prospective for the same position, and the situation pertained to the validity of a rumor stating that my opposition was racist and sexist at a former job. I would simply reply, with my ethical egotistical attitude.

Free Essays on Coca Cola

The Coca-Cola company started out as an insignificant one man business and over the last one hundred and ten years it has grown into one of the largest companies in the world. The first operator of the company was Dr. John Pemberton and the current operator is Roberto Goizueta. Without societies help, Coca-Cola could not have become over a 50 billion dollar business. Coca-Cola was invented by Dr. John Pemberton, an Atlanta pharmacist. He concocted the formula in a three legged brass kettle in his backyard on May 8, 1886. He mixed a combination of lime, cinnamon, coca leaves, and the seeds of a Brazilian shrub to make the fabulous beverage. Coca-Cola debuted in Atlanta's largest pharmacy, Jacob's Pharmacy, as a five cent non-carbonated beverage. Later on, the carbonated water was added to the syrup to make the beverage that we know today as Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola was originally used as a nerve and brain tonic and a medical elixir. Coca-Cola was named by Frank Robinson, one of Pemberton's close friends, he also penned the famous Coca-Cola logo in unique script. Dr. John Pemberton sold a portion of the Coca-Cola company to Asa Candler, after Pemberton's death the remainder was sold to Candler. Pemberton was forced to sell because he was in a state of poor health and was in debt. He had paid $76.96 for advertising, but he only made $50.00 in profits. Candler acquired the whole company for $2,300. Candler achieved a lot during his time as owner of the company. On January 31, 1893, the famous Coca-Cola formula was patented. He also opened the first syrup manufacturing plant in 1884. His great achievement was large scale bottling of Coca-Cola in 1899. In 1915, The Root Glass Company made the contour bottle for the Coca-Cola company. Candler aggressively advertised Coca-Cola in newspapers and on billboards. In the newspapers, he would give away coupons for a free Coke at any fountain. Coca-Cola was sold after the Prohibition Era t... Free Essays on Coca Cola Free Essays on Coca Cola The Coca-Cola company started out as an insignificant one man business and over the last one hundred and ten years it has grown into one of the largest companies in the world. The first operator of the company was Dr. John Pemberton and the current operator is Roberto Goizueta. Without societies help, Coca-Cola could not have become over a 50 billion dollar business. Coca-Cola was invented by Dr. John Pemberton, an Atlanta pharmacist. He concocted the formula in a three legged brass kettle in his backyard on May 8, 1886. He mixed a combination of lime, cinnamon, coca leaves, and the seeds of a Brazilian shrub to make the fabulous beverage(Things go better with Coke 14). Coca-Cola debuted in Atlanta's largest pharmacy, Jacob's Pharmacy, as a five cent non- carbonated beverage. Later on, the carbonated water was added to the syrup to make the beverage that we know today as Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola was originally used as a nerve and brain tonic and a medical elixir. Coca-Cola was named by Frank Robinson, one of Pemberton's close friends, he also penned the famous Coca-Cola logo in unique script. Dr. John Pemberton sold a portion of the Coca-Cola company to Asa Candler, after Pemberton's death the remainder was sold to Candler. Pemberton was forced to sell because he was in a state of poor health and was in debt. He had paid $76.96 for advertising, but he only made $50.00 in profits. Candler acquired the whole company for $2,300. Candler achieved a lot during his time as owner of the company. On January 31,1893, the famous Coca-Cola formula was patented. He also opened the first syrup manufacturing plant in 1884. His great achievement was large scale bottling of Coca-Cola in 1899. In 1915, The Root Glass Company made the contour bottle for the Coca-Cola company. Candler aggressively advertised Coca-Cola in newspapers and on billboards. In the newspapers, he would give away coupons for a free Coke at any fountain. Coca-Cola was sold a... Free Essays on Coca Cola John Pemberton invented Coca Cola in 1886. He was a pharmacist who worked in Atlanta, Georgia. John made patent medicines and produced Coca Cola. His bookkeeper, Frank Robinson thought of the name because it was made of coca leaves and kola nuts. In John’s first year of selling Coca Cola he only made fifty dollars. John became very ill and he sold two-thirds of his company in 1888. John died. A man named Asa Candler, an Atlanta wholesale druggist, and his brother bought The Coca Cola Company for 2,300 dollars in 1891. Coca Cola was registered for a patented trademark in 1893. Since it was made with cocaine, Asa reduced the amount of coca leaves because of the dangers of cocaine. Asa only had a patent on the name and not the drink syrup itself. Other companies made soda with coca nuts such as the Pepsi company, which was Coca Cola’s major competitor. Asa spent 11,000 dollars on advertisement. The logo was shown on walls, posters, calendars and drinking glasses. A candy store owner installed bottled machines which had bottled coke but before it was only sold in soda fountains. In 1894 the company opened its first production plant in Dallas, Texas. In 1915 Asa Candler retired from the coca cola company and into politics. He passed it on to his children. Later he was elected mayor of Atlanta. In 1899 Benjamin Thomas and Joseph Whitehead, from Chattanooga, Tennessee, bought rights to distribute Coke syrup to bottlers for only one dollar. Asa saw very little profit in bottling and wanted to give up that part of the business. Benjamin and Joseph split their partnership because of time and money. In 1919, the whole Candler family sold the Coca Cola Company to Ernest Woodruff for twenty-five million dollars. In 1923, Ernest’s son, Robert, was elected the companies president. Robert made two new slogans which were â€Å"The pause that refreshes† and â€Å"It’s the real thing†. During World War II, Ernest Woodruff increased Cokeï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Coca Cola The Coca-Cola company started out as an insignificant one man business and over the last one hundred and ten years it has grown into one of the largest companies in the world. The first operator of the company was Dr. John Pemberton and the current operator is Roberto Goizueta. Without societies help, Coca-Cola could not have become over a 50 billion dollar business. Coca-Cola was invented by Dr. John Pemberton, an Atlanta pharmacist. He concocted the formula in a three legged brass kettle in his backyard on May 8, 1886. He mixed a combination of lime, cinnamon, coca leaves, and the seeds of a Brazilian shrub to make the fabulous beverage. Coca-Cola debuted in Atlanta's largest pharmacy, Jacob's Pharmacy, as a five cent non-carbonated beverage. Later on, the carbonated water was added to the syrup to make the beverage that we know today as Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola was originally used as a nerve and brain tonic and a medical elixir. Coca-Cola was named by Frank Robinson, one of Pemberton's close friends, he also penned the famous Coca-Cola logo in unique script. Dr. John Pemberton sold a portion of the Coca-Cola company to Asa Candler, after Pemberton's death the remainder was sold to Candler. Pemberton was forced to sell because he was in a state of poor health and was in debt. He had paid $76.96 for advertising, but he only made $50.00 in profits. Candler acquired the whole company for $2,300. Candler achieved a lot during his time as owner of the company. On January 31, 1893, the famous Coca-Cola formula was patented. He also opened the first syrup manufacturing plant in 1884. His great achievement was large scale bottling of Coca-Cola in 1899. In 1915, The Root Glass Company made the contour bottle for the Coca-Cola company. Candler aggressively advertised Coca-Cola in newspapers and on billboards. In the newspapers, he would give away coupons for a free Coke at any fountain. Coca-Cola was sold after the Prohibition Era t...

A raisin in the sun by Lorraine Hansberry Research Paper

A raisin in the sun by Lorraine Hansberry - Research Paper Example With $10,000 worth of insurance check, Hansberry asks if this is enough to buy their American Dreams. Raisin in the Sun depicts the deferred American Dream, where blacks diverge on their ideas of being African American and how this affects their definition of the American Dream, but as a family, they resolved their individual differences through affirming racial equality through racial integration and the variety of their dreams. The play argues that the poverty of the black working-class is a product of racial prejudice and a misplaced sense of humility. The setting of A Raisin in the Sun embodies the constrained life of African Americans. The Southside Apartment of the Youngers is a place of â€Å"weariness† where â€Å"too many people have lived for too long† (Hansberry Act 1 Scene 1). Blacks are compressed in a limited space through the policies and programs of the government that rely on racial prejudice. May talks about the space that limits African American growth, a space that ensures their poverty. She says: â€Å"Hansberry speaks to the material/ecological situatedness of her characters’ lives† (May 130). Most blacks rented and did not own their houses, a situation that Lena wanted to change. For her, having a house in a white neighborhood is already the realization of her American Dream. Walter thinks differently, however. Washington argues that Lena’s American D ream opposes Walter’s version of it. He asserts: â€Å"[Lena’s] is in short, not the true American Dream, but a second-class version of it reserved for Black Americans and other poor people† (Washington 130). Lena has a misguided sense of humility because she sees that a house is enough. Walter knows better because he does not aim for mere existence, but a true sense of development through a business undertaking. But Lena warns him of taking more than what the white society can afford to give blacks. She says: â€Å"When a man goes outside

The New Deal 1932-1940 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The New Deal 1932-1940 - Essay Example It was the extreme poverty that afflicted certain sections of the society, in the backdrop of the economic recession that became the immediate provocation for a vision about a new deal. This essay is to suggest that though it was the New Deal that removed the stark social disparities that existed in the US society and paved way for the emergence of the US as a nation of equal opportunities, it cannot be called a totally fair deal when it comes to the long term welfare of social minorities and deprived groups. Background New Deal envisaged to deal with the socio-economic threats faced by American society as during that period, the unemployment rate in US was 25%, production output was drastically decreasing, deflation was at its worse, and all major industrial sectors were under the peril of economic depression Edsforth, 22-23; 153). Relief, recovery and reform were the â€Å"3Rs† of New Deal (Edsforth, 54). The concept underlying the motto, ‘relief’, was to bring relief to the poor and unemployed sections of the society (Edsforth, 52). ... ts two stages of implementation, included many people-friendly legislations including the Works Progress Administration Relief Program, which gave relief to migrant laborers who were mostly Mexicans and Black people (Edsforth, 220, 231). The Social Security Act of this era was also an all-encompassing legislation, which provided relief to American women, Indians, and racial minorities (Edsforth, 213) . Fair Labor Standards Act (1938) was another new law that ensured minimum wages for all categories of workers and also laid down the maximum working hours (Edsforth, 277). The limits of change When the Great Depression came, Americans were unwarily celebrating the â€Å"New Era Prosperity† (Edsforth, 20). Edsforth has described this scenario by calling it â€Å"the new American dreamscape of universal mass consumption† (Edsforth, 21). But soon the stock markets crashed, construction and automobile sectors which were having a boom declined suddenly, and these changes  "indicated that the practical limits of those able to buy into the new American Dream were fast being approached† (Edsforth, 21). The wealth distribution was greatly tilted towards a small group of rich people and â€Å"nearly 80 of all families had no savings whatsoever in 1929† (Edsforth, 22). It was in this context that New Deal became an empathetic pat on the shoulder for the deprived groups. The New Deal and American Women The most important New Deal program that could be considered, pro-woman, was the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which was introduced in 1935 (Edsforth, 288). It opened up new job opportunities for single women, widows, and women who had physically handicapped husband or whose husbands had even temporarily abandoned them. Most of these women were given jobs in sewing, cloth

Economics Paper Essay Example for Free

Economics Paper Essay The term Monetary Policy refers to what the Federal Reserve (Fed) and the National Central Bank does to influence the amount of money and the credit of the U.S. Economy. What happens to money and credit affects the interest rate and the performance of our economy. The definition of the Monetary Policy is the regulation of the money supply and interest rates by the central bank and the Federal Reserve Board, in order to control inflation and stabilize the currency. The Monetary Policy is one way the government can impact the economy. The goals of the Monetary Policy is to maximize employment, stabilize prices and moderate interest rates. The Monetary Policy is the management of expectations of the economy, supporting the long-term economic growth and employment. The Monetary Policy is the relationship of interest rates and the economy, the price at which money can be borrowed and the total supply of money. The Monetary Policy began in the 19th century to maintain the gold standard. Today the monetary authority has the ability to alter the money supply. The most powerful person (after the president) in the United States is the chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The person that controls the money, controls the world. There are three instruments (tools) the Federal Reserve uses to implement the Monetary policy, open market operations, the discount rate, and reserve requirements. In the open market operations the securities dealer compete on the basis of price to do business with the Fed. This tool consist of Federal Reserve purchases and sales of financial instruments (securities) from the U.S. Treasury, Financial agencies or other government sponsored enterprises. Trading securities the Fed influences the amount of bank reserve, that affect the federal fund rate, and the overnight lending rate that banks barrow reserves from each other. Open market operations are flexible and the most frequently used in the Monetary Policy. The federal fund rate is highly sensitive to changes in the demand for the supply of reserves in the banking system. The discount rate is the interest rate charged by the Federal Reserve Banks to the depository banks on the short-term loans. Lastly, is the Reserve Requirements, the portion of the deposit amounts the bank must keep to cover amenities. The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is the group that formulates the nations monetary policy. The chairman of FOMC is, none other than, the chairmen of the Board of Governors. The voting members of FOMC consist of seven members of the Board of Governors (BOG), the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and four other president of Reserve Banks. These members serve in one year rotating basis, and all Reserve Bank presidents participate in FOMC policy discussions. FOMC meets eight times a year to discuss the U.S. Economy and the monetary policy options. After FOMC meetings the committee issues statements that include the federal fund rate target. To implement the policys actions the Committee issues a directive to the NY Feds Domestic Trading Desk, that guides the implementation of the Committees policy through the open market operations. The open market operations are conducted on a daily basis to prevent technical forces that can effect federal fund rates from the target rates. Monetary and fiscal policy are different animals, but animals the same. A Monetary Policy is the process by which the monetary authority of a country controls the supply of money, by targeting interest rates for the purpose of economic growth and stability.

Racial Profiling of Asians in America Essay example -- Sociology Racis

Racial Profiling of Asians in America      Ã‚   "Have you heard the one where someone broke into this guy's house and all his electronics were stolen but they knew that the burglar was Asian because the math homework that was left on the kitchen table was completed?   What about the one how Asians get their names?   By dropping a fork down the stairs."   In the first issue of the Asian American magazine, Amerisian, the magazine introduces an Asian American perspective of how a community is viewed in today's society..   For many years, Asian Americans strive to distance themselves to the subjective racial stereotypes and profiling society places on them.   Asian Americans have been trying to find their place in the American society.   The efforts of gaining the admiration in society may appear as a seemingly possible task to attain, yet the communities continues to thrive.   Unfortunately, many Asian Americans are still being treated unjustly. Wen Ho Lee, a former nuclear scientist at Los Alamos Laboratories, has been an American citizen for the past 27 years, however   was sentenced to prison with no bail because he was transferring documents in his office from a classified computer to an unclassified computer.   "He remains in his cell 23 hours a day, sometimes in shackles. He has limited contact with his family, and until recently, was not allowed to speak in his native language" (Murthy).   His case is still not final.   People are constantly trying to prove that what had happened to him was a cause of mistreatment and racial profiling. A man named John Deutch, now a professor at MIT, had transferred documents as Mr. Wen did, however, was not treated the same... ...   6 Apr. 2001.   <http://www.bctv.net/telcom/asian.html> Ayuyang, Rachelle.   "Asian Americans Take Center Court."   Monolid   Aug. 2000:   26-28. Parenthetical note:   (Ayuyang 28) Boyle, Jenny.   "Asian and Asian American Stereotype."   13 Oct. 2000.   Online posting.   Suite101.com.   6 Apr. 2001. <http://www.i5ive.com/article.cfm/3677/50465> Hu, Arthur.  Ã‚   "Education: Race DOES Matter, but Mastering the !@#$% Material matters the Most."   Arthur Hu's K12 Education Page.   6 Apr. 2001.   <http://www.leconsulting.com/arthurhu/index/asianam.htm> Murthy, Sharmila.   "Teach-In Probes Racial Profiling in the Wen Ho Lee Case."   6 Apr. 2001. <http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/citizen/00apr17/murt0417.html> Perng, Olivia.   Personal interview.   7 Apr. 2001. "Racist Love."   6 Apr. 2001.   <http://www.bol.ucla.edu/~tiffloui/love.htm>   

Jewish Resistance to Nazi Occupation

Emmery Cary Mr. Harvey Social Studies Research Paper 10 November 2012 Jewish Resistance From early 1930s to middle 1940s, Jews in Germany, Poland, and other parts of Europe faced discrimination from Hitler and the Nazis. They were sent to ghettos and later concentration camps and extermination camps. In the ghettos, Jews had to live in small homes and consumed small amounts of food. In addition, disease and death were rampant. Living conditions were worse in the concentration camps. In contrast to common belief, not all Jews accepted such unreasonable and unequal treatments of the Nazis.Consequently, Jews resisted in various forms. Resistance by the Jews could be as simple as planning uprisings and escapes. They disguised themselves as Aryans (non-Jewish people). They organized secret schools and religious services, hid Jewish books, and wrote diaries about life and death. The effort to preserve their traditions was a kind of spiritual resistance. (Fidhkin 8) Resistance took forms wi thout weapons. For many, attempting to carry on a semblance of â€Å"normal† life in the face of wretched conditions was resistance.David Altshuler writes in Hitler’s War against the Jews about life in the ghettos, which sustained Jewish culture in the midst of hopelessness and despair. (Grobman) Underground newspapers were printed and distributed at great risk to those who participated. Praying was against the rules, but synagogue services occurred with regularity. The education of Jewish children was forbidden, but the ghetto communities set up schools. The observance of many Jewish rituals, including dietary laws, was severely punished by the Nazis, and many Jews took great risks to resist the Nazi edicts against these activities.Committees were organized to meet the philanthropic, religious, educational, and cultural community needs. Many of these committees defied Nazi authority. (Grobman) The Jews did not care that these actions were against the rules. They felt they needed to keep their race and religion alive and they did whatever they needed to do peacefully. Some Jews thought differently though. Many Jews thought they needed to use violence to beat the Nazis. Nazi-sponsored persecution and mass murder fueled resistance to the Germans in the Third Reich itself and throughout occupied Europe.Although Jews were the Nazis' primary victims, they too resisted Nazi oppression in a variety of ways, both collectively and as individuals. Organized armed resistance was the most forceful form of Jewish opposition to Nazi policies in German-occupied Europe. Jewish civilians offered armed resistance in over 100 ghettos in occupied Poland and the Soviet Union. Also in Eastern Europe, Jewish units fought the Germans despite minimal support and even anti-Semitic hostility from the surrounding population, thousands of Jews battled the Germans in Eastern Europe.Jews resisted when the Germans attempted to establish ghettos in a number of small towns in eas tern Poland in 1942. As the Germans liquidated the major ghettos in 1943, they met with armed Jewish resistance in Krakow (Cracow), Bialystok, Czestochowa, Bedzin, Sosnowiec, and Tarnow, as well as a major uprising in Warsaw. Between July 22 and September 12, 1942, the German authorities deported or murdered around 300,000 Jews in the Warsaw ghetto. SS and police units deported 265,000 Jews to the Treblinka killing center and 11,580 to forced-labor camps.The Germans and their auxiliaries murdered more than 10,000 Jews in the Warsaw ghetto during the deportation operations. The German authorities granted only 35,000 Jews permission to remain in the ghetto, while more than 20,000 Jews remained in the ghetto in hiding. For the at least 55,000-60,000 Jews remaining in the Warsaw ghetto, deportation seemed inevitable. In response to the deportations, on July 28, 1942, several Jewish underground organizations created an armed self-defense unit known as the Jewish Combat Organization (Zydo wska Organizacja Bojowa; ZOB).Rough estimates put the size of the ZOB at its formation at around 200 members. The Revisionist Party (right-wing Zionists known as the Betar) formed another resistance organization, the Jewish Military Union (Zydowski Zwiazek Wojskowy; ZZW). Although initially there was tension between the ZOB and the ZZW, both groups decided to work together to oppose German attempts to destroy the ghetto. At the time of the uprising, the ZOB had about 500 fighters in its ranks and the ZZW had about 250.While efforts to establish contact with the Polish military underground movement (Armia Krajowa, or Home Army) did not succeed during the summer of 1942, the ZOB established contact with the Home Army in October, and obtained a small number of weapons, mostly pistols and explosives, from Home Army contacts. In accordance with Reichsfuhrer-SS (SS chief) Heinrich Himmler's October 1942 order to liquidate the Warsaw ghetto and deport its able-bodied residents to forced la bor camps in Lublin District of the Generalgouvernement, German SS and police units tried to resume mass deportations of Jews from Warsaw on January 18, 1943.A group of Jewish fighters, armed with pistols, infiltrated a column of Jews being forced to the Umschlagplatz (transfer point) and, at a prearranged signal, broke ranks and fought their German escorts. Most of these Jewish fighters died in the battle, but the attack sufficiently disoriented the Germans to allow the Jews arranged in columns at the Umschlagplatz a chance to disperse. After seizing 5,000-6,500 ghetto residents to be deported, the Germans suspended further deportations on January 21.Encouraged by the apparent success of the resistance, which they believed may have halted deportations, members of the ghetto population began to construct subterranean bunkers and shelters in preparation for an uprising should the Germans attempt a final deportation of all remaining Jews in the reduced ghetto. The German forces intend ed to begin the operation to liquidate the Warsaw ghetto on April 19, 1943, the eve of Passover. When SS and police units entered the ghetto that morning, the streets were deserted. Nearly all of the residents of the ghetto had gone into hiding places or bunkers.The renewal of deportations was the signal for an armed uprising within the ghetto. ZOB commander Mordecai Anielewicz commanded the Jewish fighters in the Warsaw ghetto uprising. Armed with pistols, grenades (many of them homemade), and a few automatic weapons and rifles, the ZOB fighters stunned the Germans and their auxiliaries on the first day of fighting, forcing the German forces to retreat outside the ghetto wall. German commander SS General Jurgen Stroop reported losing 12 men, killed and wounded, during the first assault on the ghetto.On the third day of the uprising, Stroop's SS and police forces began razing the ghetto to the ground, building by building, to force the remaining Jews out of hiding. Jewish resistance fighters made sporadic raids from their bunkers, but the Germans systematically reduced the ghetto to rubble. The German forces killed Anielewicz and those with him in an attack on the ZOB command bunker on 18 Mila Street, which they captured on May 8. Though German forces broke the organized military resistance within days of the beginning of the uprising, individuals and small groups hid or fought the Germans for almost a month.The Germans had planned to liquidate the Warsaw ghetto in three days, but the ghetto fighters held out for more than a month. Even after the end of the uprising on May 16, 1943, individual Jews hiding out in the ruins of the ghetto continued to attack the patrols of the Germans and their auxiliaries. The Warsaw ghetto uprising was the largest, symbolically most important Jewish uprising, and the first urban uprising, in German-occupied Europe. The resistance in Warsaw inspired other uprisings in ghettos (e. g. , Bialystok and Minsk) and killing centers (Tr eblinka and Sobibor).The Jews didn’t break even after being tortured and killed by the Germans. The Jews fought the Nazis until their death. In every ghetto, in every deportation train, in every labor camp, even in the death camps, the will to resist was strong, and took many forms. The Jews were fighting with the few weapons that would be found, individual acts of defiance and protest, the courage of obtaining food and water under the threat of death, the superiority of refusing to allow the Germans their final wish to gloat over panic and despair.To die with dignity was a form of resistance. To resist the demoralizing, brutalizing force of evil, to refuse to be reduced to the level of animals, to live through the torment, to outlive the tormentors, these too were acts of resistance. Merely to give a witness of these events in testimony was, in the end, a contribution to victory. Simply to survive was a victory of the human spirit.